Procedimiento de Incautación y Exoneración de Garantías en Casos Penales

Explicación Simple

Si alguien no aparece en la corte después de prometer hacerlo, la corte puede exigir que pague una multa. Pero si la corte no avisa a la persona que garantizó su aparición, esa multa no cuenta.

Es como cuando un amigo se ofrece a pagar tu cena si no llegas, pero si tú le avisas que no irás y él no se entera, no tiene que pagar nada.

Ejemplo Práctico

Imagina que Juan es llamado como testigo en un juicio y su amigo Carlos firma como garante para que Juan aparezca. Si Juan no va y la corte no le avisa a Carlos dentro de 30 días, Carlos no tiene que pagar la multa que se había prometido.

Penalidades

Si no te presentas y no hay notificación al garante, la multa es nula.

Texto Original del Estatuto (Inglés)

RCW 10.19.090 - Forfeiture, exoneration of recognizances -- Judgment -- Execution In criminal cases where a recognizance for the appearance of any person, either as a witness or to appear and answer, shall have been taken and a default entered, the recognizance shall be declared forfeited by the court, and at the time of adjudging such forfeiture said court shall enter judgment against the principal and sureties named in such recognizance for the sum therein mentioned, and execution may issue thereon the same as upon other judgments. If the surety is not notified by the court in writing of the unexplained failure of the defendant to appear within thirty days of the date for appearance, then the forfeiture shall be null and void and the recognizance exonerated. RCW 10.19.100 - Stay of execution of forfeiture judgment -- Bond The parties, or either of them, against whom such judgment may be entered in the superior or supreme courts, may stay said execution for sixty days by giving a bond with two or more sureties, to be approved by the clerk, conditioned for the payment of such judgment at the expiration of sixty days, unless the same shall be vacated before the expiration of that time. RCW 10.19.105 - Forfeiture judgment vacated on defendant's production -- When If a bond be given and execution stayed, as provided in RCW 10.19.100, and the person for whose appearance such recognizance was given shall be produced in court before the expiration of said period of sixty days, the judge may vacate such judgment upon such terms as may be just and equitable, otherwise execution shall forthwith issue as well against the sureties in the new bond as against the judgment debtors. RCW 10.19.110 - Recognizances before district judge or magistrate -- Forfeiture -- Action All