Obtención de registros bancarios y de tarjetas de crédito por parte de la policía

Explicación Simple

La ley permite que la policía pida información de tus bancos o tarjetas de crédito si creen que has hecho algo malo. Ellos necesitan explicar por qué esa información es importante para investigar el caso.

Es como si la policía necesitara mirar en tu mochila para encontrar pistas sobre un problema, pero primero deben pedir permiso al maestro y explicar por qué lo necesitan.

Ejemplo Práctico

Imagina que Juan está siendo investigado porque alguien dice que robó un dinero. La policía puede pedirle al banco de Juan que le muestre sus transacciones, siempre y cuando expliquen por qué eso es necesario para su investigación.

Texto Original del Estatuto (Inglés)

Va. Code § 19.2-10.1 - (Effective until July 1, 2026) Subpoena duces tecum for obtaining records concerning banking and credit cards. A. A financial institution as defined in § 6.2-604 , money transmitter as defined in § 6.2-1900 , or commercial businesses providing credit history or credit reports; or an issuer as defined in § 6.2-424 shall disclose a record or other information pertaining to a customer, to a law-enforcement officer pursuant to a subpoena duces tecum issued pursuant to this section. 1. In order to obtain such records, the law-enforcement official shall provide a statement of the facts documenting the reasons that the records or other information sought are relevant to a legitimate law-enforcement inquiry, relating to a named person or persons, to the attorney for the Commonwealth. A court shall issue a subpoena duces tecum upon motion of the Commonwealth only if the court finds that there is probable cause to believe that a crime has been committed and to believe the records sought or other information sought, including electronic data and electronic communications, are relevant to a legitimate law-enforcement inquiry into that offense. The court may issue a subpoena duces tecum under this section regardless of whether any criminal charges have been filed. 2. A court issuing an order pursuant to this section, on a motion made promptly by the financial institution or credit card issuer, or enterprise may quash or modify the subpoena duces tecum, if the information or records requested are unusually voluminous in nature or compliance with such subpoena duces tecum would otherwise cause an undue burden on such provider. B. No cause of action shall lie in any court against a financial institution or credit card issuer, or enterprise, its officers, employee