Excepciones a infracciones menores y la trampa en la ley

Explicación Simple

En Pensilvania, si alguien hace algo que la ley prohíbe, pero es tan pequeño que no causa daño, un juez puede dejarlo pasar. También, si un policía engaña a alguien para que cometa un delito solo para atraparlo, esa persona podría no ser culpable.

Es como cuando estás cocinando y se te cae un poco de sal en la sopa. No arruina el platillo y no es un gran problema, así que no necesitas tirarlo todo.

Ejemplo Práctico

Imagina que Juan está en un parque y juega con su perro sin una correa, algo que está prohibido. Un policía lo ve, pero decide no multarlo porque sabe que Juan solo estaba jugando y no causó ningún daño. En este caso, la acción de Juan podría ser considerada una infracción menor.

Penalidades

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Texto Original del Estatuto (Inglés)

18 Pa.C.S. 1978 - Amendment § 312. De minimis infractions. (a) General rule. --The court shall dismiss a prosecution if, having regard to the nature of the conduct charged to constitute an offense and the nature of the attendant circumstances, it finds that the conduct of the defendant: (1) was within a customary license or tolerance, neither expressly negatived by the person whose interest was infringed nor inconsistent with the purpose of the law defining the offense; (2) did not actually cause or threaten the harm or evil sought to be prevented by the law defining the offense or did so only to an extent too trivial to warrant the condemnation of conviction; or (3) presents such other extenuations that it cannot reasonably be regarded as envisaged by the General Assembly or other authority in forbidding the offense. (b) Written statement. --The court shall not dismiss a prosecution under this section without filing a written statement of its reasons, except that if the attorney for the Commonwealth is the moving party for such dismissal no such written statement need be filed. (June 22, 1978, P.L.494, No.73, eff. 60 days) 1978 Amendment. Act 73 amended subsec. (b). 18 Pa.C.S. 313 - Entrapment (a) General rule.--A public law enforcement official or a person acting in cooperation with such an official perpetrates an entrapment if for the purpose of obtaining evidence of the commission of an offense, he induces or encourages another person to engage in conduct constituting such offense by either: (1) making knowingly false representations designed to induce the belief that such conduct is not prohibited; or (2) employing methods of persuasion or inducement which create a substantial risk that such an offense will be committed by persons other than those who are ready