Procedimiento para violaciones de la ley estatal y ordenanzas municipales

Explicación Simple

Si alguien comete un acto que puede ser tanto un delito estatal como una falta municipal, un juez decide cuál de los dos es el correcto. Si hay suficientes pruebas, el caso se lleva a un jurado, pero el juez ya no se encarga más del asunto.

Es como cuando en un partido de fútbol, el árbitro tiene que decidir si una falta es solo un tiro libre o una tarjeta amarilla. Una vez que toma la decisión, ya no se encarga de esa jugada.

Ejemplo Práctico

Imagina que Juan es detenido por exceso de velocidad en su ciudad. La policía lo acusa de violar tanto una ley estatal como una ordenanza local. El juez municipal debe decidir si el caso va al jurado por el delito estatal o si solo se queda en su corte por la falta. Si decide que hay pruebas suficientes, el caso pasa al jurado y él ya no lo maneja más.

Penalidades

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Texto Original del Estatuto (Inglés)

JUDICIAL DECISIONS Procedure when violations of state law and municipal ordinance are both charged. - When a motorist is charged with a state offense and with violation of a municipal ordinance, both charges based on a single act, and the motorist appears before a municipal court judge, that judge is a judicial officer of the municipality of which the judge is a public servant, and it is within the judge's power to determine whether the act alleged to have been committed by the motorist constitutes a state offense for which the judge should be bound over to the grand jury, in the judge's capacity as committing magistrate of this state, or whether such act constituted a violation of an ordinance of the city, in the capacity as judge of the municipal court. The single act cannot be both. When the municipal court judge finds that there is probable cause to believe that the state offense of involuntary manslaughter has been committed and binds the motorist over to the grand jury, the judge loses jurisdiction of the case. Trowbridge v. Dominy, 92 Ga. App. 177 , 88 S.E.2d 161 (1955). Municipal judge does not lose absolute judicial immunity, for purposes of a federal civil rights action, by directing the entry of criminal charges against a witness appearing before the judge in a pending case, based upon evidence before the judge. Harris v. Deveaux, 780 F.2d 911 (11th Cir. 1986). Waiver of investigation established probable cause.