En California, puedes matar a alguien si estás defendiendo tu vida o la de otra persona. Esto es legal si hay un peligro real y inmediato, como cuando alguien intenta hacerte daño o entrar a tu casa para lastimarte.
Es como cuando estás en una pelea de fútbol y un rival intenta hacerte daño. Si te ves obligado a defenderte para evitar una lesión, eso puede ser aceptable.
Imagina que Juan está en su casa y escucha ruidos extraños. Al salir, ve a un intruso tratando de entrar por la puerta con una actitud violenta. Juan, sintiendo que su vida está en peligro, usa una herramienta de su casa para defenderse y, en el proceso, hiere al intruso. En este caso, Juan podría estar protegido por esta ley.
Penal Code - PEN PART 1. OF CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS [25 - 680.4] ( Part 1 enacted 1872. ) TITLE 8. OF CRIMES AGAINST THE PERSON [187 - 248] ( Title 8 enacted 1872. ) CHAPTER 1. Homicide [187 - 199] ( Chapter 1 enacted 1872. ) 197. Homicide is also justifiable when committed by any person in any of the following cases: (1) When resisting any attempt to murder any person, or to commit a felony, or to do some great bodily injury upon any person. (2) When committed in defense of habitation, property, or person, against one who manifestly intends or endeavors, by violence or surprise, to commit a felony, or against one who manifestly intends and endeavors, in a violent, riotous, or tumultuous manner, to enter the habitation of another for the purpose of offering violence to any person therein. (3) When committed in the lawful defense of such person, or of a spouse, parent, child, master, mistress, or servant of such person, when there is reasonable ground to apprehend a design to commit a felony or to do some great bodily injury, and imminent danger of such design being accomplished; but such person, or the person in whose behalf the defense was made, if he or she was the assailant or engaged in mutual combat, must really and in good faith have endeavored to decline any further struggle before the homicide was committed. (4) When necessarily committed in attempting, by lawful ways and means, to apprehend any person for any felony committed, or in lawfully suppressing any riot, or in lawfully keeping and preserving the peace. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 50, Sec. 67. (SB 1005) Effective January 1, 2017.)
Si iniciaste la pelea, no puedes reclamar defensa propia. La ley solo protege a quienes actúan en defensa ante un ataque.
Inminente peligro significa que la amenaza es inmediata y real, como cuando alguien está a punto de golpearte o entrar a tu casa para hacerte daño.
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